What does nib width ratio mean?

The nib width ratio is the number of nib widths that make up the x-height (the height of lowercase letters like a, e, o). Italic uses 5 nib widths, meaning the x-height equals 5 times the nib width.

Which nib sizes are commonly available?

Standard broad-edge nibs come in sizes from 0.5 mm to 6 mm. Common sizes: 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm and 6 mm. Choose the nearest available size to your calculated width.

How do I measure nib width?

Dip your nib in ink and make a horizontal stroke on paper. Measure the width of this stroke with a ruler — that is your nib width. Some nibs are labelled by size but actual width may vary between manufacturers.

What if my calculated nib width falls between sizes?

Round to the nearest available nib size. If between two sizes, go slightly smaller for more elegant letters or slightly larger for bolder text. You can always adjust your x-height to match the nib you have.

Does paper affect nib width choice?

Absorbent paper causes ink to spread, making strokes wider. On smooth paper like Rhodia or Clairefontaine, your nib width will be more accurate. Adjust your nib choice if using textured or absorbent paper.

ArtCalcs

Nib Width Calculator — Perfect Nib for Your Letter Height

Calculate the correct nib width for your desired letter height and calligraphy style.

Desired X-Height

Height of lowercase letters (a, e, o)

Calligraphy Script

How We Calculate This

How Nib Width Calculation Works

Nib width = X-height / Nib width ratio

Each calligraphy script has a traditional nib width ratio. Italic uses 5 nib widths for the x-height, Foundational uses 4.5, Uncial uses 4, Copperplate uses 6, Gothic uses 5, and Roman Capitals use 7. Ascenders and descenders are typically 75% of x-height.

Frequently Asked Questions

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Last updated: February 2026

All calculations are estimates. Always verify quantities before purchasing materials.